ASTM F2096 Detecting Gross Leaks in Packaging by Internal Pressurization (Bubble Test)
ASTM F2096 detects gross leaks in pouches and flexible packages. As an ISTA and ISO 17025 certified lab, Keystone Package Testing realizes the importance of internal pressurization testing. Meeting the ASTM F2096 requirements can be difficult. We understand the challenges and guide companies through the process.
Keystone Package Testing creates an accurate test plan to eliminate expensive over-testing. We are in constant communication throughout the test process. Additionally, our pricing is competitive and we offer volume discounts. Keystone’s proven process helps avoid product launch delays. Lastly, when packages do not meet the requirements, our expert engineers assist with finding solutions.
Request a quote to see why so many companies partner with Keystone Package Testing. Have a question about gross leaks by internal packaging? Contact us and we will determine the best course of action.
Summary of ASTM F2096 Bubble Leak Package Integrity Testing
ASTM F2096 is a standardized test method used to evaluate the leak resistance and integrity of sealed packages. This testing procedure, commonly known as bubble leak testing, is crucial in various industries where the containment of fluids or gases within a package is critical.
Packages are first placed underwater and inflated to a certain pressure. Once the pressure is reached, the package is observed for a steady stream of bubbles which will indicate that the package has failed.
The designated pressure will be determined before testing and the pressure must be repeatable for multiple accurate tests. The pressure must not be too high- causing a rupture, or too low. It is recommended that a bleed-off control valve be used to assist in stabilizing pressure. Two separate test methods are explained below. Each method depends on if the package is porous or nonporous.
A porous package is made from materials that naturally have small holes, or pores, inside them. On the contrary, a nonporous package is a material with a tight cell structure that is smooth and sealed so liquid and air cannot move through it.
ASTM F2096 Internal Pressurization Testing Procedures
ASTM F2096 provides users with the ability to examine packages for gross leaks. The internal pressurization test is used to evaluate package integrity. Package integrity will benefit the consumer because they can safely receive packages that have been intended to remain sterile or contamination-free through a heat seal.
There are three apparatus used for ASTM F2096 integrity testing:
- Pressure Delivery System- the system should have a gauge to monitor the pressure, bleed-off control valve. The system should be able to deliver the pressure at 0-50 mbar.
- Device for Puncturing Package- this will allow the air source and monitoring device to be inserted into the package
- Water Container- the container of water must be large enough to cover the entire package with about one inch of water
The number of test specimens required for this test is the number that will provide an adequate representation of performance. Moreover, there is no conditioning required for this test procedure.
Note that the method is destructive. Meaning that it requires entry into the package to supply an internal air pressure. Packaging can not be re-used.
Test Method A – Nonporous Packaging:
Insert the air source and pressure monitor into the package through a hole. Seal the hole so that it has minimal air leakage. Then, submerge the package in water and begin inflating the package.
The package should remain at least 1 inch underwater. In most cases, it is helpful to use some device or fixture to maintain the desired depth of the package throughout the test. Slowly inflate the package and inspect for a stream of bubbles coming out of the package. Repeat the test on the opposite side of the package.
Test Method B – Porous Packaging:
Insert the air source and pressure monitor into the package through a hole. Seal the hole so that it has minimal air leakage. Then, submerge the package in at least 1 inch of water and hold for a minimum of 5 seconds. This will allow the porous package to adjust. Then, begin inflating the package.
Like test method A, The package should remain at least 1 inch underwater. It is helpful to use some device or fixture to maintain the desired depth of the package throughout the test. Slowly inflate the package and inspect for a stream of bubbles coming out of the package. Repeat the test on the opposite side of the package.
Test Report
After the completion of the test, the following information will be included in the test report:
- Date and technician name
- Package type and any applicable traceable identification numbers
- Established defect size used to test sensitivity
- Any use of a blocking agent
- Number of test packages: number of packages that passed, number of packages that exhibited leaks
- Record of the instrument used to create the opening
Significance of ASTM F2096 Bubble Leak Package Testing
By implementing this standardized testing procedure, manufacturers can detect and prevent package leaks, ensuring the containment and protection of sensitive contents. ASTM F2096 testing helps uphold quality standards, prevent product losses, and maintain the trust of consumers and stakeholders.
Quality Control and Safety
By implementing bubble leak testing, manufacturers can maintain strict quality control standards and prevent defective packages from reaching the market. By immersing the package in a liquid and observing for the presence of bubbles, this test can identify any defects that may compromise the product’s safety, efficacy, or overall quality.
Compliance with Regulations
Industries such as food and pharmaceuticals are subject to stringent regulations and standards to ensure consumer safety and product quality. Bubble leak testing is often a specified requirement in these regulations and standards, and failure to comply can lead to legal consequences and damage to a company’s reputation.
Customer Satisfaction
Packages with leaks can lead to customer dissatisfaction and a negative brand image. Leak-free packages not only protect the product but also ensure that customers receive products in optimal condition.
Expert ASTM Gross Leak Packaging
Keystone strives to give our customers more time and energy on product development instead of testing. We have a full lab of test equipment which permits us to provide short lead times on scheduling. Lastly, Keystone Package Testing can accommodate flexible and rigid packages of all sizes, including large pallets.
Contact us to learn first hand why so many companies partner with Keystone to achieve their internal pressurization certification needs.
For more referenced ASTM standards and similar testing, please follow the links below:
- ASTM F17 Terminology Relating to Flexible Barrier Packaging
Interested in the EMC/EMI, climatic, dynamic, shielding effectiveness, or IP Code testing of a product? Follow the corresponding links or www.keystonecompliance.com for more information.